What are the precautions for using the seed threshing machine

The seed threshing machine is a specialized device used to remove the thorns or shells from seeds (such as rice, wheat, oats, etc.). Its operation needs to take into account operational safety, equipment maintenance and seed quality protection. The following are specific precautions:

I. Preparations Before Operation

Equipment inspection

Structural integrity: Check whether the casing of the threshing machine, transmission components (such as pulleys, chains), and threshing rollers (or rollers) are in good condition, free from cracks, looseness or wear.

Safety protection devices: Ensure that safety devices such as protective covers, emergency stop buttons, and grounding wires are complete and functioning properly to prevent accidents during operation.

Power supply and circuit: Check whether the power supply voltage matches the equipment requirements (such as 380V or 220V), whether the circuit is aged or damaged, and whether the grounding is reliable to prevent leakage or short circuit.

Seed pretreatment

Clean the seeds: Remove impurities such as stones, straw and iron filings from the seeds to prevent damage to the threshing roller or blockage of the equipment.

Control moisture content: Adjust the moisture content according to the type of seed (for example, the moisture content of rice seeds should be between 12% and 14%). If it is too high, it may lead to incomplete threshing; if it is too low, it may increase the breakage rate.

Classification treatment: Seeds of different varieties or sizes should be removed from the top separately to avoid reduced efficiency or damage to the seeds due to mixed treatment.

Second, standardize operations

Parameter setting

Speed control: Adjust the speed of the threshing roller according to the type of seed and the threshing requirements (for example, the threshing speed for rice is usually 800-1200 revolutions per minute). If the speed is too high, it may damage the seed germ; if it is too low, the threshing will not be thorough.

Gap adjustment: Adjust the gap between the threshing roller and the screen (or baffle) to ensure that the thorns are effectively removed and the seed integrity rate meets the standard.

Feeding volume control: Feed evenly to avoid overfeeding which may cause equipment blockage or uneven miscaning. It is recommended to use an automatic feeding device to enhance stability.

Operation monitoring

Observe the weeding effect: Regularly inspect the seeds after weeding to ensure that the removal rate of thorns is ≥95% and the seed breakage rate is ≤3%.

Monitor temperature and vibration: If the temperature of the equipment abnormally rises during operation (such as the motor temperature exceeding 70℃) or the vibration intensifies, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection to prevent component damage.

Listen for abnormal sounds: If there are abnormal noises such as metal friction sounds or impact sounds, it may be due to the wear of the threshing roller or foreign objects getting stuck. It is necessary to check in time.

Safety protection

Wear protective equipment: Operators must wear dust masks, gloves and goggles to prevent dust inhalation or seed fragments from splashing and injuring people.

Do not reach into the machine: When the equipment is in operation, it is strictly forbidden to insert hands or tools into the feeding port or the de-manding cavity to avoid being caught and causing injury.

Keep children and irrelevant personnel away: Ensure that there are no children or irrelevant personnel in the operation area to prevent accidental contact with the equipment and cause accidents.

Iii. Post-operation Maintenance

Cleaning equipment

Remove residues: After the machine stops, promptly clean the seed residues and thorns in the threshing cavity, screen and discharge port to prevent blockage or corrosion of the equipment.

Wipe the casing: Use a dry cloth to wipe the casing of the equipment to prevent rust caused by residual moisture.

Component inspection and replacement

Wear of the threshing roller: Regularly inspect the surface wear of the threshing roller. If the wear is severe (such as flat teeth), it should be replaced in time; otherwise, it will affect the threshing effect.

Belt/chain tension: Check the tightness of the drive belt or chain. If it is too loose, it is prone to slipping; if it is too tight, it will accelerate wear. It needs to be adjusted to an appropriate tension.

Bearing lubrication: Regularly apply lubricating grease (such as lithium-based grease) to the bearings to reduce friction and extend service life.

Long-term parking handling

Moisture-proof and rust-proof: If the equipment is not used for a long time, it should be cleaned thoroughly and stored in a dry and well-ventilated place, and anti-rust oil should be applied to the surface of the metal parts.

Regular operation: Start the equipment and let it idle for 10 minutes every 1 to 2 months to prevent components from getting stuck due to long-term inactivity.

Iv. Fault Diagnosis and Handling

The mango is not removed thoroughly

Reasons: Low rotational speed, excessive clearance, wear of the threshing roller or high moisture content of the seeds.

Treatment: Adjust the rotational speed and clearance, replace worn parts, or pre-dry the seeds.

The seed breakage rate is high

Reasons: Excessively high rotational speed, too small clearance or uneven feeding.

Treatment: Reduce the rotational speed, increase the gap, and ensure uniform feeding.

Equipment blockage

Reasons: Excessive feeding, too many impurities in the seeds or an unobstructed discharge port.

Treatment: Reduce the feeding amount, clean impurities, and check if the discharge port is blocked.

Abnormal noise or vibration

Cause: Loose threshing roller, damaged bearing or worn transmission component.

Treatment: Tighten the de-manding roller and replace the bearings or worn parts.