"Intelligence" Leads The Times · Empowering Mines ② : CRRC Heavy Industry Leads the Transformation of Roadway Support Methods

Due to its numerous procedures, complex technology, large number of workers, harsh working environment and high safety risks, the support of coal mine roadways has become the most significant factor affecting the safe and efficient excavation of coal mines. To address this industry challenge, CRRC Heavy Industry has meticulously developed mining support equipment and technology, leading the transformation of roadway support methods.

The working environment in underground coal mines

01

An overall solution for efficient support

CRRC Heavy Industry adheres to the principle of prioritizing construction methods, with the goal of balancing excavation and anchoring. It has developed a new support construction method system featuring "zoned support, parallel time and space, and fixed positions and rules". It has developed a series of anchor bolt transfer units and anchor bolt drilling vehicles ranging from 2 to 9 arms, and selects rotary drilling RIGS or impact drilling RIGS based on the Platts coefficient of coal and rock.

Zonal support

In the complete set of rapid excavation and anchoring equipment, the support method is determined based on the geological conditions of the tunnel and the support design. The necessary support is completed in front of the integrated excavation and anchoring machine, and the anchor drilling vehicle follows the machine to complete supplementary support and decentralized support, thereby increasing the support speed.

Zonal support operation

Space-time parallelism

The integrated roadger and anchor machine operates in parallel with the anchor drill vehicle for support construction, with matching speeds and the coal cutting speed of the cutting drum, achieving a balance between roadger and anchor.

Parallel operation of excavation and anchoring in time and space

Define positions and responsibilities

Taking the roadway support diagram as the basis for the layout of the drill arm in the spatial position of the equipment body, each drill arm is supported in a directional, fixed-point and quantitative manner to achieve "fixed position and fixed responsibility" for the drill arm.

The "fixed position and fixed responsibility" construction technique

02

Advantages in technology, process and materials

CRRC Heavy Industry has been constantly seeking breakthroughs in support technology, support techniques and support materials. It has overcome the automatic net laying technology, developed fully automatic anchor protection robots, and created new types of anchor rods, continuously promoting new automatic support processes.

Automatic net laying

Based on the commonly used steel mesh sheets and flexible rolled mesh sheets underground, we provide targeted automatic transportation and laying solutions for the mesh sheets.

The flexible roll net is automatically laid

Transportation and laying of steel mesh sheets

Fully automatic anchor protection robot

A fully automatic anchor protection robot integrating a drill pipe warehouse and an anchor pipe warehouse has been developed. It can automatically complete the processes of drill pipe grasping, drilling, connecting, withdrawing and unloading, as well as the processes of anchor pipe grasping, pushing, stirring and tightening, achieving unmanned anchor pipe support.

Automatic anchor guard

Fully automatic anchor protection robot

New type of anchor bolt

We have developed anchor rods with built-in resin anchoring agents and fiber-reinforced composite material anchor rods, and are currently developing integrated drilling and anchoring anchor rods, continuously making efforts for intelligent and unmanned support.

Built-in resin anchor bolt. The anchoring agent and the anchor bolt are integrated into one unit. The anchoring agent is pushed into the anchor hole by water pressure to complete the stirring and anchoring, achieving automated/unmanned support of the anchor bolt. The product has obtained coal safety certification.

Built-in resin anchor bolt

Fiber-reinforced composite anchor rods. The composite material products formed by drawing and winding process with basalt fiber, glass fiber and other high-performance fibers and various resins as the main raw materials have the advantages of low density, high strength, anti-static and corrosion resistance. The product is applicable to working conditions such as coal mine roadways, tunnel engineering, slope support and ground anchor anchoring.

Fiber-reinforced composite anchor rods

New automatic support technology

Self-drilling integrated grouting anchor bolt support technology

The hollow self-drilling anchor bolt combines the traditional drill pipe and anchor bolt into one, with a reserved grouting channel inside. The anchoring operation is completed through a single drilling and grouting anchoring, simplifying the anchoring and protection process, improving the operation efficiency and enhancing the anchoring quality.

Hollow self-drilling anchor bolt

// Spray support process

An intelligent concrete spraying equipment with automatic positioning, automatic path planning and automatic spraying has been developed for underground spraying operations, achieving reduced or even unmanned spraying operations.

Spray support operation

Hollow anchor cable process

Hollow grouting mine anchor cables combine ordinary anchor cables and grouting into one. On the one hand, after the anchor cables are installed, preload can be applied in a timely manner to provide support resistance for the surrounding rock. On the other hand, the full-length anchoring of the anchor cable was achieved through grouting. The diffusion and consolidation of the grout consolidated the broken and loose rock strata, enhancing the integrity, strength and self-supporting capacity of the surrounding rock of the roadway.

The tunnel support technology independently developed by CRRC Heavy Industry has been widely applied. The introduction of intelligent support technology provides technical and equipment support for the safe and efficient tunneling of coal mines. On the path of high-end equipment research and development and manufacturing, CRRC Heavy Industry continuously injects "CRRC strength", creates "national heavyweights", contributes to the development of the industry, and leads The Times with innovation and intelligence.