The "Six Prohibitions" and "Four Maintenance Measures" for Excavators

I believe everyone knows that excavators are the main machinery in engineering construction. They have the advantages of wide application, excellent performance, large digging force of the bucket, and convenient operation. Moreover, they are playing an increasingly important role in accelerating the speed of engineering construction and reducing the labor intensity of workers. When operating an excavator, a slight carelessness may lead to a safety accident, which not only concerns the driver's own safety but also the lives of others.

Here are several key factors to note when using an excavator:

When operating an excavator, no one is allowed to get on or off the excavator or pass items. Maintenance is not permitted while the excavator is in operation. Do not adjust the engine (governor), hydraulic system or electronic control system at will. It is necessary to pay attention to choosing and creating a reasonable working surface. Digging holes is strictly prohibited.

When unloading materials with an excavator, it should be done after the dump truck has come to a complete stop. When unloading, the height of the bucket should be reduced as much as possible without colliding with any part of the dump truck. It is prohibited for the bucket to pass over the cab of the dump truck. The most important points to note during the excavator training process in Yantai.

It is prohibited to break solid objects with the bucket. When encountering large stones or hard objects, they should be removed first before continuing the operation. It is prohibited to excavate rocks of grade 5 or above that have been blasted.

It is prohibited to operate excavators simultaneously in the upper and lower excavation sections. When the excavator moves within the working face, the ground should be leveled first and obstacles in the passage should be cleared.

It is prohibited to lift the excavator by fully extending the bucket cylinder. The excavator cannot move sideways or rotate when the bucket is not lifted off the ground.

It is prohibited to drag other objects laterally with the excavator boom. Hydraulic excavators cannot be excavated by impact methods.

So, what can we do to reduce the malfunctions of the machine and extend the service life of the excavator bucket? Here are several major maintenance methods for you.

Management of fuel

Select different grades of qualified fuel according to the ambient temperature. Otherwise, poor-quality fuel with a high sulfur content will cause damage to the engine. Diesel must not be mixed with impurities, dust or water; otherwise, the fuel pump will wear out prematurely. It is required that excavator drivers fill the fuel tank with fuel after each day's work to prevent water droplets from forming on the inner wall of the fuel tank. Before starting work every day, open the water drain valve at the bottom of the fuel tank to release water.

Management of engine oil, hydraulic oil and gear oil

Oils of different grades and grades must not be mixed. Make sure the oil used is clean and avoid the mixture of impurities (such as water, dust, particles, etc.). Choose different grades of oil based on the ambient temperature and application. If the ambient temperature is high, use engine oil with a higher viscosity; if the ambient temperature is low, use oil with a relatively lower viscosity. The viscosity of gear oil is relatively high to accommodate larger transmission loads. The viscosity of hydraulic oil is relatively low, with the aim of increasing the resistance to liquid flow.

Management of lubricating grease

Lubricating grease can reduce the wear of the moving surface. When storing lubricating grease, be careful not to mix in dust, sand particles, water or other impurities. When refilling, try to squeeze out all the old oil and wipe it clean to avoid sand and soil adhering.

Maintenance of filter elements

The filter element serves to filter impurities in the oil or gas circuit, preventing them from invading components and causing malfunctions. Filter elements suitable for the machine should be adopted. All kinds of filter elements should be replaced regularly in accordance with the requirements of the (Operation and Maintenance Manual). When replacing the filter elements, it is necessary to check whether there are any metal particles adhering to the old filter elements. If metal particles are found, they should be cleaned in time.

In addition, when the excavator malfunctions and cannot operate, do not continue to use it for work to avoid unnecessary damage.