What are the precautions for combine grain harvesters

The combine grain harvester is an important piece of equipment used in agricultural production for efficient grain harvesting. Its operation and maintenance require special attention to multiple aspects to ensure operation safety, improve harvesting efficiency and extend the service life of the machine. The following are the key precautions when using a combine grain harvester:

I. Preparation Before Homework

Inspection and maintenance

Comprehensive inspection: Before each operation, conduct a thorough inspection of all components of the harvester, including the engine, transmission system, cutting device, threshing device, conveying device, walking system, etc. Check whether the connections of each component are firm, and whether there is any loosening, wear or damage. For instance, check whether the blade of the cutter is sharp and if there are any notches. Replace it in time if necessary. Check whether the tension of the drive belt is appropriate. Both too loose and too tight belts will affect the transmission efficiency.

Lubrication and maintenance: In accordance with the requirements of the machine manual, ensure that all lubrication points are fully lubricated. Ensure that the engine, transmission, chains and other components are well lubricated to reduce wear. For instance, regularly change the engine oil and oil filter, and clean or replace the air filter.

Electrical system inspection: Check whether the circuits of the electrical system are intact, and whether there is any damage, short circuit or poor contact. Check whether the battery is fully charged and whether the electrode connections are firm.

Site and crop assessment

Site investigation: Before entering the operation site, conduct an investigation of the field to understand the terrain, landforms, obstacles and other conditions. Clear away stones, branches, plastic films and other debris from the fields to prevent them from entering the harvester and damaging its components.

Crop assessment: Understand the variety, maturity, plant height, lodging situation, etc. of the crop. According to the characteristics of the crops, adjust the operation parameters of the harvester, such as the height of the header, the speed of the threshing drum, and the size of the air volume, etc. For instance, for crops that have fallen over severely, the height of the header should be appropriately reduced and the feeding capacity of the harvester should be increased.

Personnel training and safety equipment

Operation training: Operators must undergo professional training and be familiar with the structure, performance, operation procedures and safety precautions of the harvester. Untrained personnel are not allowed to operate the harvester without authorization.

Safety equipment: Operators should wear necessary safety equipment, such as safety helmets, protective glasses, earplugs, protective gloves, etc. During the operation, it is strictly forbidden to wear loose clothes or jewelry to avoid being caught in the machine.

Ii. Precautions during Homework

Standardized operation

Start-up and shutdown: Start and shut down in accordance with the prescribed procedures. Before starting, make sure the harvester is in neutral position and there are no people or obstacles around. When shutting down, the engine should first be reduced to idle speed for a period of time before being turned off.

Operation speed: Control the operation speed reasonably based on the density of the crops, humidity and the performance of the machine. Avoid working at a speed that is either too fast or too slow. A speed that is too fast may result in incomplete harvesting and threshing, while a speed that is too slow will reduce the working efficiency. For instance, when the crop density is high and the humidity is also high, the operation speed should be appropriately reduced.

Header height adjustment: Adjust the header height in a timely manner according to the plant height and lodging situation of the crops. Maintain an appropriate distance between the header and the ground to prevent the header from being too low and scratching the ground or too high, resulting in missed cutting.

Observation and Monitoring

Observation of operation status: During the operation process, the operator should constantly observe the running status of the harvester, pay attention to listening to the sound of the machine. If there is any abnormal noise or vibration, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection. For instance, if an abnormal knocking sound is heard from the threshing drum, it might be due to damaged threshing teeth or uneven crop feeding, which requires prompt handling.

Instrument monitoring: Pay attention to various instruments on the harvester, such as the engine tachometer, water temperature gauge, oil pressure gauge, etc., to ensure that all parameters are within the normal range. If any abnormal indication of the instrument is found, measures should be taken promptly.

Safe operation

Avoid obstacles: During the operation, be sure to avoid obstacles such as utility poles, trees and Wells in the field. If it is impossible to avoid, the speed of the harvester should be reduced in advance and it should be carefully bypassed.

Personnel safety: It is strictly prohibited for personnel to stay around the harvester or carry out maintenance, repair or other work when the harvester is in operation. If maintenance or repair is required, the machine must be stopped first and the power supply cut off.

Iii. Post-operation Maintenance

Cleaning and sanitation

Debris clearance: After the operation is completed, promptly clear the grains, straw, dust and other debris on the harvester. In particular, parts such as the cutter, threshing device and conveying device should be thoroughly cleaned to prevent any debris from remaining and affecting the next operation.

External cleaning: Rinse the exterior of the harvester with clean water to remove dirt and grime. However, it is important to avoid water from entering the electrical system and the interior of the engine.

Inspection and Maintenance

Component inspection: Conduct a detailed inspection of all components of the harvester to check for any wear, damage or looseness. If any problems are found, they should be repaired or replaced in time. For instance, check whether the blades of the cutter need to be sharpened or replaced, and inspect the wear of the transmission chain. If necessary, make adjustments or replacements.

Troubleshooting: If any abnormal condition of the machine is detected during operation but not dealt with promptly at that time, the cause of the fault should be further investigated and repaired after the operation.

Storage and custody

Storage environment: Store the harvester in a dry, well-ventilated and shaded place, avoiding direct sunlight and rain. If the harvester is to be stored for a long time, it should be elevated to lift the tires off the ground to prevent them from deforming.

Protective measures: Anti-rust treatment should be carried out on the rust-prone parts of the harvester, such as applying anti-rust oil. At the same time, remove the battery and carry out regular charging maintenance.

Iv. Other Matters needing Attention

Comply with regulations

Comply with local agricultural machinery operation regulations and safety rules, and obtain relevant licenses and certificates. Work shall be carried out in accordance with the prescribed time and route. The combine harvester shall not be used in the areas where operations are prohibited.

Environmental protection requirements

Pay attention to environmental protection and avoid the dust and noise generated during the operation of the harvester from polluting the surrounding environment. For instance, dust removal devices can be installed to reduce dust emissions.

Reserves of accessories and consumables

Stock up on a certain quantity of commonly used accessories and consumables, such as blades, belts, filters, lubricating oil, etc. So that in case of any malfunction during operation, it can be replaced in time to reduce downtime.