Instructions for Use of Large Self-propelled boom Sprayers

The application scope and related advantages of self-propelled boom sprayers

The high-clearance self-propelled boom sprayer is a type of large-scale agricultural equipment. For a long time, the technology and products of this equipment have been in the hands of a few enterprises in developed countries, and the import price is quite high. Due to the lack of self-propelled high-clearance spraying machinery, the problems of mid - and late-stage pest and disease control of China's advantageous economic crops such as cotton, soybeans, corn and rapeseed have not been well solved, resulting in many losses such as reduced yield and decreased quality. The high clearance self-propelled boom sprayer series products have been able to replace imports, thus reversing the backward situation of lacking advanced, safe and applicable pesticide application equipment for the prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds in the middle and later stages of crops such as corn, cotton and soybeans. It has made contributions to promoting the production of important crops in China and improving the quality and output of important agricultural products in China.

Here, the performance, operation and maintenance methods of this type of machinery are introduced.

Compared with the suspended or towed sprayers used in conjunction with ordinary tractors, the self-propelled boom sprayer has the advantages of high mechanization and automation, convenient use, good passability, wide application range, and effective pesticide application. It can effectively improve the utilization rate of pesticides, reduce the amount of pesticides used and environmental pollution. It is applicable to the prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds of various crops such as cotton, soybeans, rapeseed, vegetables, corn and sugarcane grown in large fields in China at different growth stages, including insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, ripening and defoliating agents, yield-increasing and sugar-increasing agents, and foliar fertilizers. The applicable scope is as follows:

It is suitable for leveling large plots with a gentle slope, but not for plots with large rocks or a steep slope.

2. Pesticides or liquid fertilizers must comply with relevant standards and be suitable for the crops to be operated on.

3. Except for pesticides, the use of acids, alkalis and other working fluids with strong corrosiveness is prohibited.

4. The water used for spraying pesticides must be clean. For natural water sources such as river water, they should be treated through sedimentation and filtration before use. Inspection and preparation before the use of high-clearance self-propelled boom sprayers

1. Pre-use inspection

(1) Check whether the fasteners at all parts of the machinery are loose. If any looseness is found, it should be tightened in time.

2) Check whether the engine oil dipstick and oil level are within the specified marks. If the oil level is insufficient, it should be filled up before use. Do not add more oil than the upper limit marked on the dipstick.

3) Check whether the fuel in the fuel tank of the machinery is sufficient. If the fuel level is insufficient, it must be replenished.

(4) Check the oil levels of the gears in the transmission, auxiliary box, transfer case, rear axle and drive box. Add oil when the quantity is insufficient.

(5) Check all the grease lubrication points on the machinery and add sufficient lubricating oil.

(6) Check whether the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank is sufficient.

(7) Check whether the nozzles of the combined anti-drip spray heads on the spray rods are missing or damaged.

(8) Check the battery voltage. If the battery power is insufficient, fully charge it.

(9) Check if the tire pressure is sufficient.

2. Preparations Before Use (1) Machine Debugging Before using the machine, carefully read the user manual to master the relevant operations of the sprayer's pesticide application, daily maintenance of the equipment, and diagnosis and solutions for common faults, including the working principles, operation, maintenance and usage methods of key components such as the spray control system, spray pump, and spray pipeline system, as well as system repair and maintenance.

(2) Before using the machine for the first time, the operator should have received certain operation training. It is recommended to conduct a pressure test with clean water.

(3) Prepare the pesticides needed for field operations.

(4) Prepare all necessary protective equipment.

(5) Add a sufficient amount of clean No. 0 diesel to the fuel tank of the chassis.

(6) In accordance with the requirements of the diaphragm pump's user manual, add a sufficient amount of clean No. 40 diesel engine oil to the pump cavity of the diaphragm pump and inflate the air chamber of the diaphragm pump to a pressure of 0.3 to 0.4MPa.

(7) Add three quarters of the volume of hydraulic oil to the oil tank of the hydraulic drive system.

(8) Add about half of the volume of clean water to the main liquid medicine tank. The adjustment and trial operation of the high clearance self-propelled boom sprayer

Start the engine and gradually increase the throttle to reach the rated speed. Lift the oil cylinder and check the lifting condition of the spray rod. If there is air in the oil circuit, you can repeat the operation several times to expel all the air. Check whether the expansion and folding of the left and right spray rod trusses are synchronized and accurately in place. If not, adjust the screw lengths of the folding cylinders of the left and right spray rod trusses respectively until they meet the requirements, and then tighten the nuts

2. Lift the spray rod truss to an appropriate height above the ground, unfold the left and right spray rod trusses into a horizontal position, and cut off the oil circuit that controls the folding cylinder of the spray rod truss

3. Engage the clutch of the air curtain fan and the clutch of the liquid medicine pump, and gradually increase the throttle of the tractor to check whether the operation of the hydraulic gear pump and * is normal.

4. Open the solenoid valve of the air curtain fan, rotate the handwheel of the relief valve, gradually increase the oil supply pressure in the hydraulic control system, check whether the operation of the hydraulic motor and the axial flow fan is normal, and check whether the air outlet along the entire spray width of the air outlet pipe is uniform and whether the air outlet speed meets the requirements.

5. Turn on the main spray switch and the three sets of distribution valves to put the sprayer in the spray state. Then, adjust the spray pressure and set the spray pressure of the sprayer to the specified value. Check whether the spray status of all nozzles is good and inspect whether there is any leakage at each sealing part of the spray system.

After installation and commissioning are completed, operate the two folding oil cylinders of the spray rod truss to fold the truss into a transport state, and then lower the spray rods through the lifting oil cylinders and place them on the spray rod brackets. At this point, the machinery is on standby. Once sufficient pesticides are prepared, they can be dispatched to the operation site to carry out field spraying operations.

The operation method of the self-propelled boom sprayer

Set the parameters required for the spraying operation. The setting of spray parameters is related to the traveling speed of the sprayer, the amount of liquid sprayed per unit area (determined according to the instructions for use of the agent), and the model of the nozzle used. The traveling speed of the sprayer should be adjusted according to the ground terrain conditions of the operation.

2. Add water. Water can be added to the liquid medicine tank of the machinery to the rated capacity by a water delivery vehicle, or the machinery can be moved to the water source closest to the operation site and a small gasoline engine centrifugal pump unit can be used to add water to the liquid medicine tank

3. Add chemicals. After adding water to the liquid medicine tank, turn off the main spray switch, and add the corresponding proportion of pesticide to the liquid medicine tank according to the pesticide usage concentration. Then, thoroughly stir the liquid medicine in the tank through the internal circulation of the machine's liquid flow system. When a small gasoline engine centrifugal pump unit is used to add water to the liquid medicine tank, pesticides can be added to the tank simultaneously while adding water. In this way, the liquid medicine can be stirred during the water addition process.

4. After adding water and chemicals, separate the power output shaft, drive the machine to the operation site, and stop at the starting point of the operation stroke. Unfold the spray rod truss to the working position and lower it to the working height.

5. Determine the working speed, select the driving gear, then engage the transfer case to make the gearbox drive both the * and the hydraulic gear pump simultaneously. Open the hydraulic drive control valve to make the hydraulic motor drive the axial flow fan. Then release the clutch and quickly turn on the main spray switch, increase the throttle, and start the spray operation of the machinery.

6. When turning at the edge of the field and no pesticides are needed, the driver should promptly turn off the main spray switch to save pesticides. Before entering the second stroke of operation, the driver should promptly turn on the main spray switch. When transitioning from the previous stroke to the next, the driver should pay attention to aligning the handover row to prevent missed spraying or double spraying. When the liquid in the liquid tank is nearly sprayed out, the driver should promptly disengage the power output shaft and switch the equipment to the transportation state. Then, drive the unit to the water filling point to refill water and prepare the liquid. So as to continue the work.

Safe operation of self-propelled boom sprayers

Precautions

When the equipment is traveling on the road, it must abide by traffic rules. Before setting off, please check whether the lights, horns, brakes and emergency braking functions are in good condition, ensure that the spray boom is in a folded state and that the spray boom bracket is already supporting the spray boom. The equipment should sound an alarm when starting, raising or lowering, or when the spray boom is extended or folded. During road transportation and operation, it is strictly prohibited for personnel to stand on the machine, and the cab must not be overloaded. Attention should always be paid to whether the road traffic conditions can meet the dimensions of the machinery.

Before the machinery starts working, all control buttons should be checked and the operation procedures of each button should be mastered. After the machinery is started, no one else is allowed to ride on it, nor is it permitted to tow other machines. Try to avoid sudden braking or sudden acceleration as much as possible. Doing so will cause the water in the main medicine tank to surge, making the machine unstable. After the machine is turned off, the parking brake should be activated, the working parts locked, and the control lever placed in the middle position. Then, maintenance can be carried out on the machine.

3. Operators should have self-protection awareness and wear protective equipment (clothes, gloves, shoes, etc.) when working. Operators are not allowed to drink water, eat, smoke or engage in any other activities that may cause pesticide poisoning during the operation. Once the workers show symptoms such as physical discomfort, they should go to the hospital immediately for medical treatment. When working, the driver must be fully concentrated. Only after the machine has come to a complete stop can people get on and off.

4. It is strictly prohibited to enter under the machine for inspection, maintenance or repair when the engine is still running. In case of any malfunction during operation, the machine must be stopped immediately, the engine turned off and the liquid medicine distribution valve closed before any inspection can be carried out. Before maintaining the electrical control system of the machinery, the power should be cut off first. When performing maintenance and inspection, the machine must be parked on a flat and solid ground and supported by a sturdy object. When performing operations, maintaining and operating the spray boom, no one is allowed to stand within the swing range of the spray boom or under it. Personnel are not allowed to enter the medicine box unless necessary maintenance and repair are carried out. After the spraying operation, if there is residual liquid medicine in the medicine box, it should be treated in accordance with relevant environmental protection regulations and must not be discharged at will. High-pressure hydraulic pipelines should be inspected regularly to detect potential hazards in a timely manner.

When handling pesticides, one should abide by the safety instructions provided by the pesticide manufacturer and comply with relevant national environmental protection regulations. When flushing the medicine tank and the spraying pipeline, the wastewater from the nozzles, filters and cleaning the protective equipment of the operators should be treated in accordance with relevant environmental protection regulations and must not be discharged at will.

6. Pay attention to the warning and safety signs on the machine and ensure they are clean and in good condition.