"Hoisting Secrets" - Basic Maintenance of Truck Cranes

Truck cranes possess the characteristics of both construction machinery and road machinery. Due to their inherent complexity, only regular and proper maintenance and upkeep can extend the service life of the equipment, reduce the failure rate, and enhance its reliability and economy. However, many users in the industry, even those with years of experience, do not pay enough attention to this. This not only leads to an increase in equipment failure rates, raising the total maintenance costs, but also reduces equipment availability and even delays the project schedule, causing certain economic losses.

Today, the editor will take you to learn about the maintenance and care knowledge of truck cranes

Rotary reducer and winch reducer

Routine inspection: Visually inspect the sealing performance of the reducer, abnormal noise of the equipment, check the tightness of the fastening screws and bolts, and the braking performance of the brake.

Regular maintenance: The oil of a new car should be changed once after 150 hours of operation. Just remove the oil plug at the bottom to drain the oil. Change the lubricating oil every 1,000 hours of operation or once a year thereafter.

If the lubricating oil of the reducer is not changed on time, it will cause gear wear and broken teeth. However, many users do not pay attention and even find that some have not changed or refilled the oil for many years, until the machine stops working.

Slewing bearing

Bolt pre-tightening time arrangement: Under normal working conditions, the bolt pre-tightening force of a new vehicle should be checked once every 100 hours of operation. The size of the pre-tightening force shall be subject to the user and maintenance manual of each product. Check it every 500 hours thereafter, and it is necessary to maintain sufficient preload. Replace the bolts every 7 years or after 14,000 hours of operation.

Lubrication of slewing bearings: Generally, 3# calcium-based grease is added. Lubricate the raceways once every 100 hours of operation. When adding grease, the slewing bearing must be rotated slowly for at least two weeks.

If the slewing bearing is not maintained in time, it will turn inflexibly, the raceway will be damaged, elastic deformation will occur, and the installation bolts will become loose or break.

Hydraulic system

Routine inspection: Check for any leakage or looseness at all component and pipeline connections, whether the hoses are aged or cracked, the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil, and the oil level in the oil tank.

Regular maintenance: For new vehicles, the hydraulic oil needs to be filtered after 200 hours of operation. Thereafter, it should be filtered or the oil changed every six months, and the filter element should also be replaced. The service life of hydraulic oil must not exceed 24 months. After 24 months, it cannot be used even after filtration. Whenever it is found that the hydraulic oil is seriously contaminated, it should be filtered or replaced in time. Hydraulic oils of different grades must not be mixed. When the seasons change in the north, the hydraulic oil for winter or summer should be replaced according to the environmental requirements.

Contamination of hydraulic oil can cause many hydraulic components to fail. The components that have been repaired have a short service life and a high failure rate, which greatly increases the maintenance cost.

Electrical system

Daily inspection: Check whether all kinds of instruments, headlights and horns are functioning properly. Check if the wiring harness is loose, fallen off or worn. The appearance of the battery, the amount of electrolyte, and the tightening condition of the terminals.

Regular inspection: Check whether the torque limiter/weighing instrument can work normally, whether the accuracy meets the requirements, and whether the height limit device and overload protection device are working properly.

Steel wire ropes, guy cables, pulleys, sliders

Routine inspection: The tensioning condition of the steel wire rope, whether there are broken wires, looseness, twisting, scratches and severe rust.

The wear condition of the boom slider and whether the pulley is damaged or stuck.

Regular maintenance: When users operate cranes, due to the force on the rope bars or cables during the operation of the boom, their lengths may change. The boom should be inspected and adjusted every month. If it is found that the expansion and contraction are not synchronized or there is a shaking phenomenon, it should be adjusted in time. Only after the phenomenon is eliminated can the operation resume. Otherwise, the rope bars or guy cables may fall off the track or break, resulting in serious consequences.

Steel wire ropes are coated with sufficient lubricating oil during manufacturing. However, during use, the original lubricating oil will gradually erode and dissipate. Therefore, lubricating oil should be applied to the steel wire ropes regularly during use to ensure rust prevention and lubrication, reduce friction, and extend the service life of the steel wire ropes.

The movable pulley on the hook, the fixed pulley at the head of the boom, and the bearing housing of the hoist need to be lubricated with oil through the oil nozzle at regular intervals (every 100 hours of operation).